The revelation by The Wall Street Journal that the United Arab Emirates conducted secret military strikes on Iranian targets, including a key oil refinery on Lavan Island, has sent shockwaves through the Gulf region. This covert operation, reportedly carried out in early April 2026, marks a significant escalation in the shadow war between the two nations amid the broader United States-Iran conflict. As the UAE navigates ongoing threats from Tehran, these strikes underscore Abu Dhabi's determination to protect its sovereignty and energy infrastructure without public fanfare.

The timing of the attacks coincided with fragile ceasefire negotiations brokered by President Donald Trump, highlighting the precarious balance of power in the Persian Gulf. With Iran launching thousands of missiles and drones at UAE territory since late February, the Emirates' response represents a calculated retaliation aimed at crippling Tehran's ability to project power. This development raises critical questions about the sustainability of the truce and the future of regional stability.

The WSJ Revelation: Exposing UAE's Covert Operations

In a detailed report published on May 11, 2026, The Wall Street Journal cited sources familiar with the matter, disclosing that the UAE had executed multiple undisclosed strikes inside Iran. The most notable targeted the Lavan Island refinery, a vital condensate processing facility with a capacity of approximately 55,000 barrels per day. The assault ignited a massive fire, severely damaging processing units and sidelining a substantial portion of its output for several months.

Iran's National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company acknowledged the 'enemy attack' on April 7 or 8, without initially naming the perpetrator. Subsequent Iranian state media accused UAE Mirage 2000-9 jets and Wing Loong drones of involvement, vowing retaliation. The UAE's Ministry of Foreign Affairs declined direct comment on the WSJ story, referring instead to prior statements condemning Iranian aggression.

Details of the Lavan Island Assault

Lavan Island, located in the Persian Gulf south of Iran's mainland, hosts a strategic refinery processing natural gas liquids into gasoline, fuel oil, naphtha, and liquefied petroleum gas. The facility's proximity to the Strait of Hormuz made it a symbolic and practical target. Reports indicate the strike disrupted operations, contributing to localized supply shortages and forcing Iran to reroute resources amid its own export challenges.

Damage assessments suggest the refinery could recover to 70-80% capacity within two months, but prolonged repairs amid conflict risks exacerbate Iran's refining bottlenecks. This operation exemplifies precision strikes, likely leveraging UAE's advanced air assets and intelligence sharing with allies like the United States and Israel.

Iran's Barrage: A Timeline of Attacks on UAE

The UAE has borne the brunt of Iranian aggression since the war's onset on February 28, 2026, following coordinated US-Israeli strikes on Iranian nuclear sites. Over six weeks, Tehran fired more than 2,800 missiles and drones at Emirati targets, far exceeding attacks on other Gulf states.

• February 28: Initial salvos hit Al Dhafra Air Base and Zayed Airport vicinity, killing one civilian.
• March 1-2: Dubai International Airport and Jebel Ali Port struck; US consulate in Dubai damaged twice.
• March 7-13: Ruwais refinery shutdown (922,000 bpd loss); Fujairah port fires.
• March 14-27: Repeated Fujairah Oil Industry Zone hits; Habshan gas complex damaged.
• April 4-8: Emirates Global Aluminium site crippled; ongoing interceptions post-ceasefire.
• May 4: Drone sparks major fire at Fujairah Petroleum Industries Zone, injuring three Indian workers.

This relentless campaign aimed to pressure the UAE for hosting US forces and bypassing Hormuz via alternative routes.

UAE Air Defenses: A Shield of Steel

The Emirates' multilayered defense systems, bolstered by US-supplied THAAD and Patriot batteries, have proven remarkably effective. Cumulative statistics as of early April reveal over 537 ballistic missiles, 2,256 drones, and 26 cruise missiles intercepted. Success rates exceed 95% for missiles, though drone swarms pose challenges, with debris causing most civilian harm—13 deaths and 224 injuries across 31 nationalities.

Recent examples include May 4's engagement of 12 ballistic missiles, three cruise missiles, and four drones. UAE officials hail these feats as testament to national resilience and international partnerships.

Fujairah Port: The Hormuz Lifeline Under Siege

Fujairah, on the Gulf of Oman's east coast, handles 1.7 million barrels per day of crude and products via the Abu Dhabi Crude Oil Pipeline (ADCOP), circumventing the Iranian-controlled Strait of Hormuz. This bypass has sustained global supplies during Tehran's blockade since March 2026, making it a prime Iranian target.

Attacks here disrupted exports temporarily, spiking insurance premiums and rerouting tankers. Yet, rapid repairs and diversified pipelines affirm UAE's energy security strategy. For more on regional energy dynamics, explore Al Jazeera's coverage of the Fujairah incident.

Oil Markets in Turmoil: Prices Soar Amid Escalations

The shadow war has propelled Brent crude above $114 per barrel at peaks, with WTI following suit. Lavan's outage added marginal tightness, but Fujairah threats amplified risk premiums. UAE's OPEC exit on April 29 signals a pivot to independent production hikes, potentially stabilizing supplies long-term.

Global impacts include higher gasoline costs and strained refineries. See OilPrice.com analysis for market forecasts.

Stakeholder Perspectives and Reactions

UAE leadership, including presidential adviser Anwar Gargash, labeled Iranian strikes 'maritime piracy' and affirmed the right to self-defense. Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman condemned attacks in calls with UAE counterparts. The US welcomed Gulf involvement quietly, per sources, while Israel views it as aligned strategy.

Iran decried the Lavan hit, retaliating with strikes on Kuwait and Bahrain. Experts note UAE's strikes deter further aggression, reshaping Gulf deterrence.

UAE's Military Edge: Capabilities Unleashed

With Rafale jets, Mirage 2000s, and US tech, UAE executed deep strikes seamlessly. This debut in offensive operations signals maturation beyond defense, deterring Iran effectively.

Challenges to the Ceasefire and Path Forward

Trump's April 8 truce holds tenuously, with Islamabad talks stalled. UAE strikes complicate dynamics, but bolster bargaining. Diplomatic channels via Pakistan persist amid naval standoffs in Hormuz.

Photo by Amanda Jones on Unsplash

Outlook: A Resilient UAE in a Volatile Gulf

As UAE eyes post-oil diversification, enhanced defenses and alliances fortify its position. The shadow war exposes vulnerabilities but affirms Abu Dhabi's proactive stance. Regional cooperation via GCC could yield lasting peace, with energy security paramount. For deeper insights, refer to the original WSJ investigation and conflict timeline.