India Grapples with Fuel Crisis Amid Global Tensions

India, the world's third-largest oil importer, faces mounting pressure from surging global crude prices triggered by escalating tensions in West Asia, particularly the US-Iran conflict disrupting supplies through the Strait of Hormuz. The country imports over 85 percent of its crude oil needs, making it highly vulnerable to international energy shocks. Recent data indicates that oil marketing companies (OMCs) have absorbed losses of approximately Rs 1,600-1,700 crore daily to keep retail fuel prices stable, totaling over Rs 1 lakh crore in just 10 weeks. On May 15, 2026, petrol and diesel prices were hiked by Rs 3 per litre—the first adjustment in four years—signaling the limits of government buffering.

Foreign exchange reserves, standing at around $690-700 billion, provide coverage for 8-11 months of imports but have contracted by about 5 percent since March due to elevated import bills. Experts warn that a prolonged crisis could inflate India's annual oil import bill by $50-70 billion, straining the economy further. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has repeatedly urged citizens to adopt conservation habits to protect these reserves and mitigate forex outflows.

PM Modi's Urgent Call for National Austerity

In response to the crisis, PM Modi made back-to-back appeals within 48 hours, emphasizing four key areas: reducing fuel consumption, skipping non-essential gold purchases, curtailing foreign travel, and minimizing fertiliser use. He advocated reviving work-from-home (WFH) arrangements, promoting carpooling and public transport, and opting for virtual meetings wherever feasible. "We must practice restraint in our daily lives to safeguard our economy," Modi stated, highlighting India's heavy reliance on imported commodities that drain precious dollars.

The government's own actions set the tone: Modi traveled in a trimmed convoy, with senior ministers like Amit Shah and Rajnath Singh halving their carcades. An Office Memorandum from the Department of Personnel and Training on May 12, 2026, formalized directives for ministries to cut non-essential travel and fuel use. States followed suit, with chief ministers announcing reduced convoy sizes and WFH mandates. Delhi's government, for instance, imposed a two-day weekly WFH policy, projecting millions of litres saved monthly.

Supreme Court's Swift and Comprehensive Response

The Supreme Court of India (SCI) acted decisively on May 15, 2026, issuing a circular by Secretary General Bharat Parashar that outlines targeted fuel-saving measures tailored to judicial operations. Key provisions include:

• Mandatory Virtual Hearings: All matters listed on miscellaneous days—specifically Mondays and Fridays—and during partial working days in June and July will be conducted exclusively via video conferencing (VC) until further notice. The Registry is tasked with ensuring seamless link distribution, stable connectivity, and technical support.
• Work-from-Home for Staff: Up to 50 percent of Registry staff per branch/section can WFH for a maximum of two days weekly on a rotational roster. Staff must remain contactable by phone and report if needed; arrangements can be adjusted for essential functions.
• Judge Carpooling: Justices unanimously agreed to promote carpooling for official commutes, optimizing fuel use.

These steps align directly with the Centre's austerity push, demonstrating the judiciary's commitment to national priorities. For more on the circular, see the LiveLaw detailed report.

Detailed Breakdown of Virtual Hearing Implementation

Video conferencing, a staple since the COVID-19 era, will now dominate SCI proceedings twice weekly. This hybrid model builds on past successes: High Courts disposed of over 81.95 lakh cases virtually in recent years, with nationwide figures exceeding 34 million VC hearings. The process involves pre-circulated links, dedicated tech support, and contingency for disruptions. Litigants and lawyers, accustomed to platforms like Cisco Webex, benefit from reduced travel burdens, especially those from distant regions.

Step-by-step: 1) Cases listed for Mon/Fri shift to VC mode automatically; 2) Links shared 24 hours prior; 3) Proceedings recorded for transparency; 4) Urgent physical hearings exempted if needed. This ensures continuity while slashing emissions from daily commutes to Tilak Marg.

Expected Impacts on Judicial Efficiency and Access to Justice

Proponents argue these measures enhance efficiency. Post-pandemic data shows virtual hearings reduced pendency by enabling 25 million+ district court matters and speedy urgent listings. Travel time savings allow more benches to focus on substantive work. However, challenges persist: rural litigants with poor internet may face barriers, echoing early COVID glitches. The SCI mandates support to mitigate this, prioritizing equity.

WFH for staff streamlines admin, with rosters ensuring no service gaps. Carpooling among judges—over 30 justices sharing rides—sets a leadership example, potentially saving hundreds of litres daily.

Photo by Zoshua Colah on Unsplash

Stakeholder Perspectives: Lawyers, Litigants, and Experts

Bar associations have welcomed the move, noting reduced costs for advocates traveling from across India. Senior counsel hailed it as "progressive," though some juniors worry about screen fatigue. Litigants appreciate fewer delays. Experts like former Justice Kaul praised VC for leveraging existing infrastructure.

Read the Hindustan Times analysis on broader implications.

Ripple Effects Across High Courts and Lower Judiciary

High Courts are poised to emulate: Delhi HC hinted at similar rosters, while others monitor SCI. Nationally, e-Courts project has digitized 5 crore+ cases, facilitating scale-up. This unified approach could conserve billions in fuel annually across 25 million+ judicial trips.

Public and Social Media Buzz

On X (formerly Twitter), #SupremeCourtAusterity trends with 50k+ posts. Users praise judges' carpooling ("Black robes, shared wheels!"), share memes of CJI cycling, and debate longevity. Positive sentiment dominates, with calls for nationwide WFH revival.

Broader Economic and Environmental Gains

Beyond SCI, austerity curbs forex drain—oil/gold/fertiliser imports hit $240B last FY. Reduced vehicles cut emissions, aiding air quality. Long-term: boosts renewables push, domestic exploration.

Explore economic forecasts in this Economic Times piece.

Challenges Ahead and Path Forward

Potential hurdles: connectivity gaps, workload spikes. Solutions include infrastructure upgrades via e-Courts Phase III. If crisis persists, permanent hybrid model likely. Outlook: resilient judiciary leads by example, fostering national discipline.

Photo by Zoshua Colah on Unsplash

Actionable Tips for Fuel Conservation

• Carpool or use metro for commutes.
• Revive WFH where productive.
• Opt virtual meetings; maintain vehicles.
• Support local to cut imports.

These SCI-inspired steps empower individuals amid uncertainty.