Singapore's research community has marked a significant milestone with the launch of the LOVING study, the nation's largest randomised controlled trial focused on parenting interventions. This ambitious project, unveiled on May 4, 2026, at the National University of Singapore, seeks to explore how enhancing parents' sensitivity and responsiveness to their children's needs can profoundly influence emotional, cognitive, and physical development. Led by Associate Professor Anne Rifkin-Graboi from NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, the study represents a collaborative effort among top Singaporean institutions, underscoring the role of higher education in addressing societal challenges like family well-being and child outcomes.

The initiative responds to growing evidence that early caregiving practices lay the foundation for lifelong health and success. In a fast-paced society like Singapore, where dual-income families are common and pressures on parents are high, understanding and promoting sensitive caregiving could offer practical solutions for better child rearing.

Understanding Sensitive Caregiving

Sensitive caregiving refers to a parent's ability to accurately notice, interpret, and respond promptly and appropriately to a child's signals and needs. This approach, rooted in attachment theory, involves being attuned to emotional cues, providing comfort during distress, and encouraging exploration during calm moments. Research consistently shows that children with sensitive caregivers develop stronger self-regulation skills, better social competence, and reduced risk of behavioural issues.

In the Singapore context, sensitive caregiving adapts to cultural nuances such as emphasis on discipline and academic achievement. It balances responsiveness with structure, helping children navigate emotions while meeting expectations. For instance, during play or mealtime, a sensitive parent might pause to acknowledge a child's frustration before guiding them, fostering resilience rather than mere compliance.

Key Institutions Driving the Research

The LOVING study—short for Learning about Our behaviour is Valuable for Increasing Nurturing relationships and healthy Growth—is spearheaded by NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine's Departments of Psychological Medicine and Paediatrics. Collaborators include NUS Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, A*STAR's Institute for Human Development and Potential, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, and NTU's National Institute of Education.

This inter-university partnership pools expertise in psychology, paediatrics, public health, and education. Assoc Prof Rifkin-Graboi, with her background in developmental neuroscience, brings quantum interdisciplinary methods to quantify intervention effects. Co-investigators like Assoc Prof Mary Chong (NUS) focus on nutrition and physical activity, while NTU NIE contributes insights from prior sensitivity studies. Such collaborations highlight Singapore universities' prowess in translational research, turning lab findings into policy-relevant tools.

Study Design: A Rigorous Randomised Controlled Trial

• Scale: 624 families, making it Singapore's largest parenting RCT—surpassing previous trials with around 200 participants.
• Duration: 60 months, funded by the National Research Foundation Singapore and A*STAR under grant H23P1M0007.
• Three Arms:
  • VIPP-SD-SingH: Home-based video-feedback intervention where parents are filmed in activities (e.g., snack waiting for 'sensitive discipline') and receive personalised coaching.
  • CARE-SD: Digital videos with local scenarios on feeding, activity, and relaxation.
  • NeuroEducation for Parents: Online modules on brain development, emotions, and learning.
• Assessments: Pre/post behavioural observations, parent interviews, lab tests for executive function, BMI, cortisol levels, EEG for neural activity.

This design allows causal inference on how interventions boost sensitivity, with cost-effectiveness analysis for scalability.

Targeting Lower- to Middle-Income Families

Eligible participants are parents (mothers or fathers) of children aged two to 5.5 years from households earning below S$10,999 monthly or S$3,287 per capita. Recruitment starts May 26, 2026, prioritising those facing caregiving challenges like financial stress or work demands. By focusing on median-lower income groups, the study addresses equity gaps, where sensitive parenting can prevent intergenerational cycles of disadvantage.

"In Singapore, challenges in caregiving often hit lower-income groups harder," notes Assoc Prof Rifkin-Graboi. "Sensitive caregiving acts as a preventative mechanism to set kids on a better path."

Photo by Kaden Taylor on Unsplash

Expected Outcomes and Child Development Impacts

Primary goals include improved parental sensitivity (via observations) and reduced child oppositional behaviour (interviews). Secondary: enhanced executive function, lower BMI. Exploratory: stress physiology, neural patterns, genetic moderators, fitness.

International evidence links sensitivity to better regulation, social skills, and health; locally adapted, it could curb obesity and mental health risks. For more on the launch, see the Straits Times coverage.

Building on Prior Singapore Research

The LOVING study builds on GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes), a 1,247-mother cohort by NUS, A*STAR, and KKH, linking maternal wellbeing to child cognition via parenting styles. NTU NIE's longitudinal study of 71 dyads showed sensitivity predicts theory-of-mind and fewer attentional issues.

Pilot phases (75 dev, 36 RCT families) reported parental gains in confidence and child behaviour. Visit the official LOVING site for updates.

Cultural and Societal Context in Singapore

Singapore's parenting blends Confucian values (discipline, achievement) with modern dual-career realities. Studies show strict styles risk stress, while sensitivity fosters balance. Amid low fertility (0.97 TFR), supportive interventions could ease parenthood burdens, aligning with national schemes like Baby Bonus.

"Sensitive caregiving is foundational for emotion regulation and relationships," says Dr Hana Alhadad, highlighting policy potential.

Implications for Education and Policy

Findings could inform preschool curricula, family support via MSF/ECDA, and health via MOH. Universities like NUS/NTU position Singapore as a hub for developmental science, attracting talent. For researchers eyeing roles, explore research opportunities.

Actionable Insights for Parents and Educators

• Observe cues: Notice subtle signals like gaze aversion.
• Respond promptly: Comfort first, then guide.
• Balance discipline: Use 'sensitive discipline'—explain while empathising.
• Self-care: Manage stress for better attunement.
• Seek support: Grandparent help boosts warmth, per NTU GUSTO analysis.

Early steps yield lasting gains.

Photo by Chunjiang on Unsplash

Future Outlook and Calls for Participation

Over five years, LOVING will yield scalable tools, potentially via apps or clinics. Contact loving@nus.edu.sg or anne.rifkin@nie.edu.sg to join, volunteer, or collaborate. As Singapore universities lead, this study promises evidence-based family strengthening.