The Australian National University (ANU), one of Australia's premier research institutions, is grappling with yet another layer of controversy in its ongoing governance turmoil. Chancellor Julie Bishop, a former foreign minister, has sought external legal advice concerning an alleged breach of Freedom of Information (FOI) obligations by Acting Vice-Chancellor Rebekah Brown. This development, emerging from a detailed FOI request, underscores deeper issues of transparency and accountability at the university, raising questions about leadership practices and regulatory oversight in Australian higher education.

The incident centers on encrypted messages exchanged via the Signal app, a secure messaging platform popular for its disappearing message feature. These communications, shared between Brown and the deans of ANU's six academic colleges from July to October 2025, played a pivotal role in the no-confidence motion against then-Vice-Chancellor Genevieve Bell, who resigned shortly after. When an FOI request sought these records, ANU initially claimed no such documents existed, prompting accusations of deliberate withholding.

🔒 The FOI Request and Alleged Breach Unraveled

The FOI saga began on October 12, 2025, when applicant 'Remy E' requested all Signal chats between Brown and the college deans, including details on disappearing message settings. Despite extensions, ANU's Acting University Secretary Leslie McDonald refused the request on March 23, 2026, citing section 24A(1) of the Freedom of Information Act 1982, which allows refusal if documents are not held. The applicant, having received one in-scope chat, challenged this, triggering an internal review.

University General Counsel Philip Harrison's memorandum to Bishop highlighted 12 screenshots of these messages, revealing Brown's coordination on assessing Bell's performance and drafting a no-confidence letter. Examples include Brown sharing a vice-chancellor candidate booklet on August 21, 2025, and providing criteria for evaluating Bell's financial management and governance on August 24. By April 2026, Chief Operating Officer Michael Schwager, newly appointed by Brown, took over the review, seizing phones from at least two deans and up to 50 screenshots. Schwager described the initial refusal as a 'mistake' and directed the deletion of non-genuine screenshots.

Bishop briefed the Governing Council on April 24, 2026, announcing her pursuit of external legal advice. Council sources anticipate the messages' release with minimal redactions, potentially exposing more internal machinations. Brown defended her actions, stating they were 'in the interest of the institution' and focused on objective leadership assessment without disparaging Bell.

Timeline of Turmoil: From Signal Chats to Legal Scrutiny

The events trace back to mid-2025 amid ANU's 'Renew ANU' restructure, which proposed significant job cuts and sparked staff unrest. Key milestones include:

• July 1 – October 12, 2025: Brown exchanges Signal messages with deans, including attachments and performance critiques of Bell.
• Late August 2025: Deans submit no-confidence letter, precipitating Bell's September 11 resignation after less than two years.
• October 12, 2025: FOI request lodged.
• March 23, 2026: Initial refusal; internal review requested.
• April 2026: Screenshots discovered; Bishop seeks legal advice; phones seized.

This timeline intersects with parallel probes, including Jane den Hollander's April 17 report clearing Bell of misconduct and an Australian National Audit Office (ANAO) review of Renew ANU finances.

ANU's Leadership Vacuum and Prior Scandals

Bell's exit left a void filled temporarily by Brown, but governance woes predate her. Appointed in 2023 under Bishop's council, Bell faced deans' ire over restructure handling. Earlier, a Senate inquiry heard bullying claims against Bishop, with former council member Dr Liz Allen alleging she was 'bullied into near suicide' after leaking concerns. Bishop denied these, vowing to complete her term ending December 2026.

A February 2026 council meeting saw members yelling at and ejecting Brown, with no intervention from Bishop, prompting complaints. Staff described the council as 'dysfunctional,' contrasting it with corporate governance standards.

TEQSA's Heavy Hand: Regulatory Intervention

The Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency (TEQSA), Australia's higher education regulator, has intervened unprecedentedly. Since August 2025, TEQSA questioned council efficacy, appointing Lynelle Briggs for an independent review due April 2026. It froze vice-chancellor and chancellor appointments—the first such action in 14 years—citing risks in Renew ANU, conflicts of interest, and oversight failures. TEQSA CEO Mary Russell's FOI-released letters demanded free council-regulator communication and deferred recruitments. Peter Coaldrake chairs the new chancellor panel, including independents and an Indigenous member. Options include council spill or registration conditions.

For deeper insights into TEQSA's role, see their governance guidelines.

Stakeholder Perspectives: A Fractured Community

ANU staff and unions decry 'Machiavellian' politics, with one source noting FOI 'flooding' targeting Brown's office. The National Tertiary Education Union (NTEU) calls for Bishop's removal, citing psychosocial harms. Students worry about leadership instability amid cuts. Deans, once aligned with Brown, now face scrutiny. Brown insists her efforts strengthened ANU, while council members express shock at the intrigue.

• Staff: 'Headless chooks' panic post-discovery.
• Council: Anticipate full disclosure; Bishop 'gobsmacked'.
• Regulator: Culture and oversight deficits.

Freedom of Information: Universities' Legal Duties

Australia's Freedom of Information Act 1982 mandates public access to government-held documents, including those of public universities like ANU. Breaches, even inadvertent, can lead to Office of the Australian Information Commissioner (OAIC) reviews, enforceable undertakings, or court. ANU's initial denial echoes past lapses, like 2019 data breaches. Experts urge proactive disclosure to rebuild trust, as recommended by the Australia Institute for consultant spending and council transparency.

Explore the OAIC's FOI resources for compliance best practices.

Impacts on ANU: Reputation, Morale, and Operations

The scandals have eroded morale, delayed Renew ANU (now revised amid $250 million cuts), and tarnished ANU's global standing. TEQSA notes strategic uncertainty risks quality. Financially, consultant spends ($190 million sector-wide) and executive travel draw ire. Reputationally, Senate scrutiny amplifies concerns, with Education Minister Jason Clare bolstering TEQSA powers.

Lessons for Australian Higher Education

ANU exemplifies sector vulnerabilities: stacked boards, consultant capture, weak oversight. Reforms advocate staff/student council representation, public meetings, annual Senate Estimates. Balanced leadership, transparent FOI, and robust conflict policies are essential. As unis face enrollment pressures and funding squeezes, governance fortifies resilience.

Outlook: Path to Stability?

Bishop's term ends 2026; TEQSA oversees successor via structured panel. Briggs' review and FOI outcomes loom. ANU eyes Larry Marshall-led listening for new VC. Resolution hinges on candor and reform, potentially modeling accountability. For ANU jobs and careers, check higher education roles.

This saga highlights why strong governance sustains excellence in Australian universities.

Photo by Eriksson Luo on Unsplash