The National Push for AI in Education

In recent years, artificial intelligence has emerged as a transformative force in China's higher education landscape, particularly in supporting teacher professional development. The Ministry of Education's AI + Education Action Plan, launched in April 2026, marks a pivotal moment. This comprehensive initiative, led by the Ministry alongside four other central departments, aims to embed AI literacy across all educational stages, from primary schools to universities and lifelong learning. For higher education institutions, the plan mandates AI as a foundational public course, the creation of discipline-specific textbooks, and the development of interdisciplinary programs tailored to AI-driven industries.

Teachers stand at the forefront of this shift. The plan outlines a national standard for teacher AI literacy, introducing tiered, role-based training and assessments. AI competencies are now integrated into teacher qualification exams and certification processes, ensuring educators are equipped to leverage these technologies effectively. Intelligent systems assist with pre-class preparation, classroom instruction, and post-lesson analysis, including automated grading, interactive Q&A, and personalized tutoring recommendations. This structured approach not only reduces administrative burdens but fosters continuous skill enhancement, aligning teacher growth with national innovation goals.

Beijing exemplifies rapid adoption, achieving 87.7 percent AI integration across school levels by the end of 2025. Nationwide, online platforms have delivered AI training to approximately 500,000 teachers and students from over 2,000 universities, underscoring the scale of this transformation.

Elevating Teacher AI Literacy Standards

Central to the action plan is the development of a robust teacher AI literacy framework. Educators in Chinese universities are transitioning from traditional pedagogues to AI-augmented professionals capable of designing human-AI collaborative learning environments. The tiered training system categorizes competencies by role—ranging from basic awareness for novice instructors to advanced application for senior faculty—ensuring progressive professional growth.

Practical implementation involves platforms like the Teacher Ability Assistant and intelligent collaboration systems under the Ministry of Education. These tools analyze teaching behaviors in real-time, providing actionable insights for improvement. For instance, AI-driven diagnostics evaluate lesson delivery, student engagement, and content efficacy, enabling teachers to refine their methods iteratively. Such data-centric feedback loops have proven instrumental in elevating instructional quality, with pilot programs reporting measurable gains in digital literacy and competition performance.

Ten provinces and municipalities have committed around 6.8 billion yuan to AI + Education projects, funding infrastructure and training that directly benefit university faculty. This investment supports the creation of smart classrooms and diagnostic ecosystems, bridging urban-rural divides and standardizing high-quality development.

Tsinghua University's Trailblazing Framework

Tsinghua University, a leader among China's elite institutions, released the nation's first university-wide AI application guidelines in December 2025. Titled "Guiding Principles for the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Education," the framework spans general provisions, teaching and learning, and academic outputs. It positions AI as an auxiliary tool under human oversight, emphasizing responsibility, integrity, and ethical use. Tsinghua's guidelines have guided over 390 pilot courses across ten disciplines.

In teaching, instructors must align AI with course objectives, disclose usage rules at the semester's start, and verify AI-generated materials. This clarity empowers teachers to innovate—using AI for lesson planning, personalized feedback, and critical skill-building—while preventing misuse like plagiarism. Workshops and recognition programs further professional growth, helping faculty adapt to evolving technologies. Tsinghua's AI Agent Hospital exemplifies interdisciplinary application, training medical educators in AI-enhanced diagnostics and pedagogy.

Innovations at Peking, Fudan, and Beyond

Peking University complements this with PKUnet, a digital platform offering professional development for young faculty. It includes AI teaching assistants available globally, aiding lesson preparation and student interaction. The university's School of Artificial Intelligence for Science in Shenzhen employs dual-mentorship models blending AI and fundamental sciences, preparing educators for hybrid teaching paradigms.

Fudan University has issued guidelines allowing teaching teams to optimize modules and tasks with AI, maintaining faculty leadership in classrooms. Its College of Biomedical Engineering integrates AI into over 20 courses, fostering cross-disciplinary expertise. Collaborations with industry giants like Baidu and Huawei provide cutting-edge tools, enhancing teacher training.

Beijing Normal University (BNU) hosts forums on AI-driven continuous professional development, while South China Normal University (SCNU) earned the 2025 Digitalization Pioneer Case Award for its multi-platform model. This ecosystem—linking AI diagnostics, research, and training—serves 30,000+ educators across 300 institutions, driving personalized growth and provincial awards. SCNU's award-winning project demonstrates scalable impact.

AI Tools Revolutionizing Teaching Practices

Chinese universities deploy diverse AI platforms for teacher empowerment. Intelligent grading systems process assignments swiftly, freeing time for pedagogical innovation. Classroom analytics monitor engagement, offering heatmaps of student attention and sentiment analysis for real-time adjustments.

• Personalized tutoring bots deliver tailored feedback, simulating one-on-one mentoring.
• Lesson planning assistants generate outlines and resources aligned with curricula.
• Virtual simulations enable practice of complex scenarios, like lab experiments or debates.

Over 50 universities now host AI institutes, launching "AI-empowered schools" in fields like synthetic biology at Tianjin University and design at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. These integrate AI into core teaching, with educators at the helm.

Real-World Case Studies and Impacts

SCNU's smart classroom ecosystem exemplifies success: Teachers receive AI diagnoses post-lesson, leading to refined techniques and top provincial rankings. BNU's collaborations with 44 pilot areas enhance AI-pedagogy fusion.

At Tsinghua, graduate-wide AI skill programs have overcrowded popular courses like large language models, signaling demand. Fudan's medical AI courses employ interdisciplinary teams, boosting translational research skills.

Statistics reveal efficacy: Platforms trained 500,000 from 2,000 universities; pilots show digital literacy surges and burnout reductions via workload automation. Studies confirm moderate-to-high AI empowerment on development, with meta-analyses of 33 experiments affirming positive effects.

Benefits Driving Professional Growth

AI accelerates teacher evolution by personalizing development paths. Data-driven insights pinpoint strengths and gaps, enabling targeted upskilling. Collaborative models pair human expertise with AI efficiency, enhancing creativity and student outcomes.

• Time savings: Up to 30% on admin tasks per studies.
• Skill enhancement: Critical AI evaluation and ethical application.
• Career advancement: Certifications boost employability in AI-era academia.
• Student impact: Improved engagement via adaptive teaching.

Experts note AI as a "thinking partner," augmenting—not replacing—educators, fostering resilience and innovation.

Addressing Key Challenges

Despite progress, hurdles persist: Digital divides in rural universities, ethical concerns like bias, and resistance from AI novices. Overreliance risks diminishing critical thinking; policy guidelines mandate prudence and verification.

Solutions include inclusive training, infrastructure investments, and faculty workshops. Universities like Tsinghua emphasize fairness and inclusivity, mitigating divides. Ongoing research addresses concerns, with 64% of Chinese educators reporting AI literacy training.

Stakeholder Perspectives and Future Outlook

University leaders praise AI's potential: Tsinghua's framework evolves dynamically, Fudan's optimizes workflows. Teachers report reduced burnout, heightened efficacy; students gain from hybrid learning.

By 2030, the plan envisions AI-fluent educators driving innovation. With 50+ AI institutes and expanding majors, China's higher education positions teachers as pioneers in the intelligent era. As MOE prioritizes systematic integration, professional growth via AI promises equitable, high-quality teaching nationwide.

Photo by Zhu Edward on Unsplash