Scientists Oppose 'Militarisation' of Quantum Research in India Via Global Manifesto

The Manifesto Calling for Disarmament in Quantum Science

A group of quantum scientists has issued a bold manifesto rejecting the militarization of their field, sparking widespread discussion within India's vibrant research community. Titled "Quantum Scientists for Disarmament," this document urges researchers to oppose military applications of quantum technologies and demands greater transparency in funding sources. 68 65 Originating from a quantum information workshop in Benasque, Spain, in mid-2025, the manifesto was published on arXiv on January 13, 2026, and quickly garnered over 250 signatures from scientists worldwide, including notable support from the Global South. 66

The core message is unequivocal: quantum research should prioritize civilian benefits like secure communications, advanced computing, and medical imaging over weapons development or surveillance systems. Signatories argue that military funding distorts academic priorities, attracts stable resources that overshadow public grants, and exerts undue influence, particularly on institutions in developing nations through asymmetric partnerships.

India's National Quantum Mission: A Leap into the Quantum Era

India's journey into quantum technologies accelerated with the launch of the National Quantum Mission (NQM) in April 2023, backed by ₹6,000 crore (approximately $720 million USD) over five years. Administered by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), the NQM aims to establish four thematic hubs in Pune, Kolkata, Delhi, and Hyderabad, focusing on quantum computing, communications, sensing, and materials. 45 Institutions like the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs), Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), and Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore are at the forefront, developing prototypes such as quantum repeaters and 50-qubit processors.

Quantum computing, which leverages qubits—the quantum bits that exist in superposition unlike classical bits—promises exponential speedups for complex simulations in drug discovery and climate modeling. Quantum communication uses entanglement for unhackable encryption, while quantum sensing detects minute changes in magnetic fields for navigation without GPS. These advancements position India among global leaders, with over 100 research groups active nationwide.

• IISER Pune: Leading quantum materials research.
• IIT Madras: Developing quantum processors.
• IISc Bengaluru: Pioneering quantum networks.

However, the NQM explicitly collaborates with defense entities like the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), raising eyebrows amid growing geopolitical tensions.

The Military Quantum Mission: Defense Enters the Quantum Arena

On January 22, 2026, Chief of Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan unveiled the Military Quantum Mission Policy Framework, a strategic roadmap to embed quantum technologies across India's armed forces. 67 This document outlines integration of four pillars—quantum communication for secure channels, quantum computing for simulations, quantum sensing for precision targeting, and quantum materials for advanced hardware—aiming for battlefield superiority.

The policy emphasizes civil-military fusion, leveraging NQM infrastructure for tri-services synergy. Potential applications include quantum radars immune to jamming, underwater sensing for submarines, and AI-enhanced decision-making. Proponents argue it's essential against adversaries like China, which invests heavily in quantum for hypersonic missiles and stealth tech. 47

For Indian universities, this means increased funding opportunities but also ethical dilemmas, as DRDO partnerships could classify research, limiting publications and international collaborations.

Key Arguments in the Manifesto and Indian Echoes

The manifesto categorically rejects military use of quantum research, citing historical parallels to nuclear physics where scientists like Oppenheimer later regretted weaponization. It calls for:

• Public databases of defense-funded projects in universities.
• Ethics committees to review grants.
• Bans on classified research in public institutions.
• Collective advocacy against war as dispute resolution.

In India, where quantum hubs are housed in public universities, this resonates deeply. While specific Indian signatories aren't publicly listed, support from Global South researchers—including those from IISER Kolkata and IITs—highlights concerns over 'soft power' via funding. 64 Academics worry that opaque partnerships could prioritize dual-use tech, stifling pure science.

"We stand against military funding for research," the manifesto states, warning of agenda shifts favoring stable defense grants over volatile civilian ones. 68

Ethical Dilemmas in Indian Higher Education

Quantum research thrives in India's higher education ecosystem, with IISc, IITs, and IISERs producing groundbreaking papers. Yet, ethics courses remain nascent; only a few like IIT Delhi offer dedicated modules on dual-use tech.

Stakeholders diverge: Defense experts view quantum as vital for national security, citing China's quantum satellite Micius. Scientists counter that militarization risks brain drain and erodes public trust. A balanced path? Hybrid funding models with oversight boards.

For students eyeing research jobs in quantum, this debate influences PhD choices and career trajectories in academia versus industry.

Global Context and Lessons for India

Globally, the U.S. DARPA funds quantum sensing for drones, NATO pursues quantum strategies, and Europe develops military sensors. India's NQM mirrors these, but the manifesto—backed by physicists from 30+ countries—urges restraint. 65

In higher ed, this prompts calls for policy: UGC could mandate disclosure of military grants, akin to U.S. Section 117. Case study: During COVID, Indian unis pivoted to defense-linked biotech ethically.

Impacts on Careers and University Research

Military funding could boost postdoc positions and labs, but at what cost? Early-career researchers fear publication bans, while seniors advocate diversified grants via DST and SERB.

Statistics: NQM has seeded 10+ startups; defense tie-ups could scale them, yet 40% of quantum PhDs seek abroad jobs per recent surveys. Solutions: Ethics training, international pacts like quantum non-proliferation.

Stakeholder Perspectives and Future Outlook

DRDO champions integration for 'technological supremacy'; academics seek dialogue. Future: By 2030, NQM targets satellite-based quantum networks—civilian first, defense optional?

Optimistically, India balances innovation and ethics, fostering quantum hubs as global models. Aspiring professors can explore professor jobs in quantum at top IITs.

Photo by Evita Paraskevopoulou on Unsplash

Navigating Quantum Careers Amid Ethical Debates

For students and faculty, resources abound: Check Rate My Professor for quantum experts, higher ed career advice on ethics. Opportunities in higher ed jobs, university jobs, and India-specific listings await ethical innovators.

This debate enriches India's higher education, ensuring quantum research serves humanity.