Techniques of improvement of fracture toughness in composites and development of multi-scale computational models for the simulation of the crack propagation and prediction of the residual strength

About the Project

Supervisory Team: Prof. Gennaro Scarselli and Prof. Andrea Cammarano

This PhD investigates methods to improve the fracture toughness of carbon fiber composites through experimental testing (Double Cantilever Beam and End Notch Flexure) and multiscale modeling in Ansys. It explores environmental effects and surface modification techniques, providing training in experimental mechanics, materials characterization, and finite element analysis for advanced composite structural performance research.

Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) combine high structural performance with low weight, making them ideal for advanced engineering applications. However, their laminated architecture leads to low fracture toughness and limited impact resistance, largely dependent on the polymer matrix.

To address these issues, researchers have explored techniques such as UV or plasma surface treatments, nanoparticle reinforcement, and interleaving with carbon nanotubes, graphene, thermoplastic films, stainless steel fibers, or nonwoven veils to improve toughness.

This PhD aims to critically review current research on the fracture properties of composite materials and to develop new experimental strategies for toughness enhancement. Environmental factors such as humidity, pressure, and temperature will also be investigated for their influence on fracture behavior.

Under supervision, the candidate will perform experimental tests - including Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) and End Notch Flexure (ELS) - to determine mode I and mode II fracture toughness (GI,C and GII,C) and crack propagation behavior.

These experiments will support the creation of multiscale computational models capable of simulating crack propagation and predicting the residual strength of composite structures. Numerical simulations, conducted in Ansys at the University of Southampton, will link microscale interfacial shear strength to macroscale mechanical performance.

The PhD will provide advanced expertise in experimental mechanics, composite characterization, and finite element modeling, preparing the candidate for independent research in composite structural performance.

Entry requirements

A UK 2:1 honours degree, or its international equivalent

Candidates should hold a Master’s degree in Mechanical or Aerospace Engineering, or Materials Science with a background in continuum mechanics.

Fees and funding

We offer a range of funding opportunities for both UK and international students. Horizon Europe fee waivers automatically cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for qualifying students.

Competition-based Presidential Bursaries from the University cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for top-ranked applicants.

Competition-based studentships offered by our schools typically cover UK-level tuition fees and a stipend for living costs for top-ranked applicants.

Funding will be awarded on a rolling basis, so apply early for the best opportunity to be considered.

For more information, please visit our postgraduate research funding pages.

How to apply

Apply now

• programme type: research
• academic year: 2026/27
• if you will be full time or part time
• faculty: Engineering and Physical Sciences
• search for programme PhD Engineering & the Environment (7175)
• please add the name of the supervisor in section 2 of the application.

Applications should include:

• research proposal
• your CV (resumé)
• 2 academic references
• degree transcripts/ certificates to date
• English language qualification (if applicable)

Contact us

Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences

If you have a general question, email: feps-pgr-apply@soton.ac.uk

Project leader

For an initial conversation, email Prof. Gennaro Scarselli - g.scarselli@soton.ac.uk