Quantum sensing with levitated nanodiamonds

About the Project

Supervisory team: Dr. Joanna Ada Zielinska and Professor Hendrik Ulbricht

This project develops a gyroscope using a levitated nanodiamond with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. These systems enable coupling between the mechanical angular momentum of a levitated nanoparticle and its internal electronic spins, opening pathways for quantum control and precision sensing.

By leveraging these unique properties, we aim to achieve precise rotational sensing and overcome current limits in optomechanical technologies, moving toward a competitive micro-scale inertial sensor.

Levitated optomechanics studies the motion of micron-scale particles suspended in vacuum using optical, electric, or magnetic fields. This project focuses on active levitated systems—nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, which are atomic-scale defects with controllable spin states.

In the presence of a magnetic field, the NV spin transition frequencies depend on the particle’s orientation, enabling precise measurements of slow rotational motion using techniques like Ramsey interferometry.

Furthermore, the geometric phase acquired by the NV spin during rotation enables detection of rapid angular changes, making the system uniquely suited for gyroscopic applications. The project will explore the coupling between the mechanical angular momentum of the levitated nanodiamond and the spin of the embedded NV centers.

By combining quantum control techniques with the inherent isolation of levitated platforms, this work aims to push the limits of torque and rotation sensing.

The project will involve experimental, simulation, and theoretical components. The work has broad implications beyond the technological applications in quantum-enhanced inertial sensors.

The studied system also offers a platform for probing fundamental physics, including new tools for achieving ground-state cooling of torsional oscillations and the possibility of generating rotational quantum superpositions.

Entry Requirements

You must have a UK 2:1 honours degree, or its international equivalent.

Fees and Funding

We offer a range of funding opportunities for both UK and international students. Horizon Europe fee waivers automatically cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for qualifying students. Competition-based Presidential Bursaries from the University cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for top-ranked applicants.

Competition-based studentships offered by our schools typically cover UK-level tuition fees and a stipend for living costs for top-ranked applicants.

Funding will be awarded on a rolling basis, so apply early for the best opportunity to be considered. For more information, please visit postgraduate research funding pages.

How to Apply

Apply now

You need to:

• choose programme type (Research), 2026/27, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences
• select Full time or Part time
• search for programme PhD Physics (7089)
• add name of the supervisor in section 2 of the application

Applications should include:

• your CV (resumé)
• 2 academic references
• degree transcripts and certificates to date
• English language qualification (if applicable)

The School of Physics & Astronomy is committed to promoting equality, diversity inclusivity as demonstrated by our Athena SWAN award. We welcome all applicants regardless of their gender, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation or age, and will give full consideration to applicants seeking flexible working patterns and those who have taken a career break. The University has a generous maternity policy, onsite childcare facilities, and offers a range of benefits to help ensure employees’ well-being and work-life balance. The University of Southampton is committed to sustainability and has been awarded the Platinum EcoAward.