Design and characterisation of advanced composite materials for liquid hydrogen storage at cryogenic temperatures

About the Project

Supervisory Team: Prof. Gennaro Scarselli

This project investigates the fracture behaviour and structural integrity of composite cryogenic vessels for liquid hydrogen storage in aerospace applications. Combining low-temperature experimental testing with multiscale numerical modelling, the project aims to develop predictive tools for damage evolution and residual strength, supporting the design of lightweight, safe, and efficient zero-emission aircraft structures.

The project focuses on the structural performance and fracture behaviour of advanced composite vessels designed for the storage of liquid hydrogen (LH₂) in aerospace applications. The transition toward zero-emission aviation requires lightweight and safe cryogenic storage systems capable of withstanding extreme thermal and mechanical loads. However, composites operating at cryogenic temperatures experience matrix embrittlement, interfacial degradation, and complex thermo-mechanical stresses that can significantly affect their reliability. This research will combine experimental and computational approaches to investigate these challenges. You'll perform low-temperature mechanical testing, such as tensile, fracture toughness, and interlaminar shear strength tests, using specialised cryogenic equipment.

Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) and End Notch Flexure (ENF) methods will be employed to evaluate mode I and mode II fracture toughness, while digital image correlation (DIC) and thermography will provide insights into damage initiation and propagation. The effect of thermal cycling, humidity, and pressure on material degradation will also be assessed. Numerical simulations using Ansys or Abaqus will reproduce experimental conditions, linking microscale interfacial behaviour to macroscale structural performance. Cohesive-zone and multiscale models will be developed to predict fracture mechanisms and residual strength under coupled thermal–mechanical loads. You'll receive comprehensive training in cryogenic testing, materials characterisation, finite element modelling, and data analysis. This project will contribute to the development of next-generation composite cryogenic tanks, supporting safer and more efficient hydrogen-powered aircraft. Graduates will gain advanced expertise applicable to aerospace structures, composite design, and sustainable propulsion technologies.

This project will provide comprehensive training in experimental and computational methods for cryogenic composites. You'll learn low-temperature mechanical and fracture testing, damage analysis using DIC and microscopy, and finite element modelling with cohesive-zone and multiscale approaches. Training will also cover data analysis, cryogenic safety, scientific communication, and project management, preparing the student for independent research in advanced aerospace structures.

Entry requirements

You must have a UK 2:1 honours degree or its international equivalent.

Fees and funding

We offer a range of funding opportunities for both UK and international students. Horizon Europe fee waivers automatically cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for qualifying students.

Competition-based Presidential Bursaries from the University cover the difference between overseas and UK fees for top-ranked applicants.

Competition-based studentships offered by our schools typically cover UK-level tuition fees and a stipend for living costs for top-ranked applicants.

Funding will be awarded on a rolling basis, so apply early for the best opportunity to be considered.

For more information, please visit our postgraduate research funding pages.

How to apply

Apply now

You need to:

• choose programme type (Research), 2026/27, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences
• select Full time or Part time
• search for programme PhD Engineering & the Environment (7175)
• add name of the supervisor in section 2 of the application

Applications should include:

• your CV (resumé)
• 2 academic references
• degree transcripts and certificates to date
• English language qualification (if applicable)